Plant nutrition is necessary for the production, growth and development of plants that will benefit people and for the emergence of productive crops. The benefit of the feeding is possible with the right methods, products and at the appropriate time. In order for production to be efficient and permanent, it is necessary to obtain the right information about plant nutrition. This information that benefits producers;
How is Plant Nutrition Done?
Plants need nutrients and various substances to complete their development. Plant nutrition is done to meet these needs. Complete feeding ensures the completion of the desired yield and targeted production.
In order to ensure this, producers need to fully implement the following steps in plant nutrition;
- They need to examine the soil structure of the land for the plant they want to produce.
- Whether the product and soil structure are suitable is understood by measuring the organic substances and ph value in the soil.
- They need to monitor the growth rate of the plant according to the soil they choose. If the growth rate is appropriate, it proves the correctness of the soil selection.
- They need to determine the type and amount of fertilizer to be used in the soil.
- They need to learn the elements that the plant needs by researching.
- The water requirement of each plant to be produced is different. For this reason, producers need to learn the correct water requirement of their plants and create a suitable irrigation scheme.
If producers follow the necessary steps for plant nutrition, it helps plants to grow, develop and produce on time.
What are the Methods Used in Plant Nutrition?
There are sophisticated methods that producers can use when they want to feed their plants. These methods vary according to the type of plant, production purpose and function.
Some of the methods that are suitable for plant nutrition are; organic-inorganic feeding, soil feeding, insectivorous feeding, foliar fertilization, parasitic feeding, autogrophic feeding, irrigation feeding and symbiotic feeding.
What are the Products Used in Plant Nutrition?
There are two different groups of products used for the production, development and health of plants. These are called micronutrients and macronutrients. Macronutrients are products with a high rate of need and micronutrients are products with a low rate of need. These nutrients are taken from the soil and reach the plant. Thus, it is ensured that the plants produced have the desired yield and characteristics.
Use of Macronutrients in Plant Nutrition
Farmers need macronutrients for the plants they will produce. The rate of need for these nutrients is quite high. For this, fertilization and irrigation studies containing these products must be carried out.
The macronutrients required for plants are; calcium, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium. While calcium develops the cell wall of plants, nitrogen facilitates the growth of stems and leaves. Sulphur enables plants to synthesize proteins, while phosphorus is effective in the development of their roots.
Potassium increases the rate of absorption of nutrient water in plants, while magnesium fulfills the need for chlorophyll. Thus, it enables plants to perform photosynthesis at a high rate and to grow accordingly.
Use of Micronutrients in Plant Nutrition
Plants need micronutrients after macronutrients for their development. Even if the rate of need is low, these nutrients must also reach the plants. These nutrients are boron, iron, molybdenum, copper, manganese, zinc and chlorine. These nutrients are beneficial for plants’ enzymes, hormones, growth and ionic balance.
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